In comparison to black tea and oolong tea, green tea (GT) contains
greater quantities of cate-chins, which are strong antioxidants in
vitro and in vivo. The presence of high amount of polyphenols
in green tea makes it very important in the prevention of
different diseases.
Green tea extract has many naturally
occurring biological components of which polyphenolic epicatechins (ECs)
are predominantly active. These include (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate
(EGCG), (–)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (–)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), and
(–)-EC. The EC and EGC are catechol catechins, EGC and EGCG are
pyrogallol catechins, and ECG and EGCG are gallate catechins.
So
far green tea was shown to have many impacts in carbohydrate
metabolism. Epidemiologic studies have shown that the consumption of
green tea may reduce bodyweight and fat accumulation by improving
glucose and lipid metabolism, and it has also been shown that green tea
extract and EGCG ameliorate hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in
humans and animals.
Green tea is considered as an alternative
medicine for diabetes mellitus. The pathology of diabetes
mellitus is caused by reactive oxygen species that activate the
non-enzymatic glycation of proteins (leads to
structural and functional changes), the aldose reductase pathway
(causes sorbitol accumulation) and oxidative stress
(results in protein, DNA and lipid damage).
Polyphenols
in green tea reduce carbohydrate digestion and absorption in
the intestine by inhibiting carbohydrate digesting enzymes and
inhibiting glucose transporters across the intestine.
The
anti-oxidant effect of green tea is because of its polyphenol
cathechine components to scavenge ROS. Catechins from tea
suppress the absorption of glucose from the small intestine by
inhibiting α-glucosidase activity.
They are also shown to
increase secretion of insulin by pancreatic β cells and protect cytokine
induced inflammatory damage of these cells. Increasing insulin
activity and maintaining glucose homeostasis are other mechanisms by
which green tea is involved in carbohydrate metabolism.
Technically, any liquid intended for drinking is a beverage so named by a word derived from French and Latin verbs meaning ‘to drink.’ Healthy beverages are beverages with health benefits that attribute by its nutritional value. The use of healthy beverage for promoting health and relieving symptom is as old as the practice of medicine.
Wednesday, November 11, 2020
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