Beer is at present the most consumed alcoholic beverage in the world,
and is the most popular drink after water and tea. Throughout history,
different types of alcoholic beverages made from a whole range of
products (fruits, sugar cane, honey, and cereals such as barley, wheat,
oats, millets, rye, and maize), have been labeled ‘beer’.
The
technique of brewing beer was, in fact, an early technological
achievement which presumably pre-dates considerably the advent of
the Sumerians in the lowlands of the Mesopotamian alluvial
plane.
Proto-cuneiform texts dating from 3200 to 3000 BC
document that at the time when writing was invented beer was no longer
simply an ag-ricultural product of the rural settlements, but
rather belonged to the products subjected to the centralized
economy of Sumerian states.
Cornelius Tacitus (AD56–120)
referred to the drink of the German Teutons as:‘a horrible brew
fermented from barley or wheat, a brew which has only a very far removed
similarity to wine’. Later on, the Roman Emperor Julian (who ruled from
AD361 to 363) wrote a poem about what he called the ‘two Dionysi’, i.e.
two gods, one for wine and one for beer.
Beer drinking in ancient Europe, as a mainly communal activity, was inevitably surrounded by complex notions and attitudes.
The
beer drinkers themselves left us almost no written records until the
fifth century AD, when the Roman Empire fell to the Germans and beer
drinking again became widespread among all elements of society,
especially due to the important influence of British and Irish
monasticism (particularly under St Columban).
On the late
pre-hispanic Peruvian north coast, local lords distributed chicha to
their followers, even serving it as they traveled through the
countryside during administrative tours. When colonial authorities
attempted to ban chicha, the lords protested that without beer their
subjects would not work. Chicha was also brewed by specialist households
who livedin separate communities with their own political leaders.
Evidence
for brewing has been found at centers of the Moche and Chimú (13th–15th
century AD) polities, and may represent the provisioning of state
workers, or the hosting of periodic feasts
Technically, any liquid intended for drinking is a beverage so named by a word derived from French and Latin verbs meaning ‘to drink.’ Healthy beverages are beverages with health benefits that attribute by its nutritional value. The use of healthy beverage for promoting health and relieving symptom is as old as the practice of medicine.
Monday, February 15, 2021
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